View source for RECENT PUBLICATIONS ON FORAMINIFERA 2012 (5)

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{{Recent Publications on Foraminifera Navigation}}<font size="2">

==ARCTIC PLANKTIC FORAMINIFERAL ASSEMBLAGES: IMPLICATIONS FOR SUBSURFACE TEMPERATURE RECONSTRUCTIONS==

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Earlier reconstructions of the inflow of Atlantic Water to Arctic and Subarctic oceans based on foraminiferal proxy data have been obstructed by uncertain quantitative reconstructions of sea-surface and subsurface temperatures. In this study surface sediment samples with undisturbed sediment-water interface from Polar North Atlantic and Barents Sea were retrieved and prepared at the size fractions from 100 μm to 1000 μm. The foraminiferal analyses show that ''N. pachyderma'' constitutes 96–99% of the fauna in Arctic and Polar surface water masses the same result is obtained when investigating the > 150 μm size fraction. However, in Arctic areas influenced by Atlantic Water, additional faunal information is obtained when using the smaller > 100 μm size fraction. ...... Transfer functions using the current dataset based on the > 100 μm size fraction were developed and assessed. ...... The most precise reconstructions of subsurface temperatures were found when using summer temperatures from the 100 m depth level. The transfer function was tested on Holocene foraminiferal records and compared to previous reconstructions. The results show that our new transfer function based on the > 100 μm fraction generally yields lower temperatures at both 10 and 100 m water depth than earlier reconstructions (e.g. Hald et al., 2007). This could be due to the increased number of samples containing both small species and/or the presence of more small specimens representing cold conditions.
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377839812000722 ABSTRACT])

----Husum, K., Hald, M., in press. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377839812000722 Arctic planktic foraminiferal assemblages: Implications for subsurface temperature reconstructions]. Marine Micropaleontology, doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2012.07.001


==THE TOARCIAN OAE IN THE WESTERN SHARAN ATLAS, ALGERIA==

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We used an integrated analysis of benthic foraminiferal assemblages, geochemical proxies (paleoproductivity, redox, and detrital proxies), and C and O stable isotopes to characterize the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event along the North African paleomargin, more precisely in the Saharan Atlas (Algeria). Special emphasis was placed on time intervals previous to the anoxic event and the recovery of normal conditions after this event. ...... The Toarcian oceanic anoxic event occurred in a generalized transgression that may have favored water stratification and confinement of bottom waters in the subbasins developed in the Atlasic domain. This research demonstrates the potential of the integration of data from foraminiferal assemblages and a wide range of geochemical proxies for understanding anoxic events during the Mesozoic. 
<font size="2">([http://gsabulletin.gsapubs.org/content/early/2012/08/10/B30585.1.abstract ABSTRACT])

----Reolid, M., Rodríguez-Tavar, F.J., Marok, A., Sebane, A., in press. [http://gsabulletin.gsapubs.org/content/early/2012/08/10/B30585.1.abstract The Toarcian oceanic anoxic event in the Western Saharan Atlas, Algeria (North African paleomargin): Role of anoxia and productivity]. Geological Society of America Bulletin, doi:10.1130/B30585.1 


==IDENTIFYING ACTIVE FORAMINIFERA USING METATRANSCRIPTOMIC APPROACH==

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Metagenetics represents an efficient and rapid tool to describe environmental diversity patterns of microbial eukaryotes based on ribosomal DNA sequences. However, the results of metagenetic studies are often biased by the presence of extracellular DNA molecules that are persistent in the environment, especially in deep-sea sediment. As an alternative, short-lived RNA molecules constitute a good proxy for the detection of active species. Here, we used a metatranscriptomic approach based on RNA-derived (cDNA) sequences to study the diversity of the deep-sea benthic foraminifera and compared it to the metagenetic approach. We analyzed 257 ribosomal DNA and cDNA sequences obtained from seven sediments samples collected in the Sea of Japan at depths ranging from 486 to 3,665 m. The DNA and RNA-based approaches gave a similar view of the taxonomic composition of foraminiferal assemblage, but differed in some important points. ...... 
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064512001385 ABSTRACT])

----Lejzerowicz, F., Voltsky, I., Pawlowski, J., in press. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064512001385 Identifying active foraminifera in the Sea of Japan using metatranscriptomic approach]. Deep Sea Research II, doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.08.008


==TROPHIC RELATIONSHIP OF BENTHIC INVERTEBRATE FAUNA FROM THE CONTINENTAL SLOPE OF THE SEA OF JAPAN==

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The Sea of Japan continental slope food web was examined by analysis of stable C and N isotopes and fatty acid compositions in ten species of common benthic organisms and in sediment and particulate organic matter. A considerable range of δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N values was found for benthic species, with δ<sup>13</sup>C values of −22.3‰ in crinoids (''Heliometra glacialis'') to −16.1‰ in asteroids (''Ctenodiscus crispatus'') and with δ<sup>15</sup>N values of 5.3‰ in foraminifera (''Elphidium'' sp.) to 15.5‰ in ''C. crispatus''. Polyunsaturated fatty acids were the most abundant of the fatty acids in the total lipids of all investigated species. The organisms' individual fatty acid compositions show the importance of a variety of food sources, including phytoplankton, detritus, foraminiferans and zooplankton, for megabenthic species. Additionally, the presence of considerable amounts of the 20:4(''n''6) and 20:1(''n''−13) fatty acids indicates the importance of the benthic microbial loop in the nutrition of some of the studied animals.
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064512001373 ABSTRACT])

----Kharlamenko, V.I., Brandt, A., Kiyashko, S.I., Würzberg, L., in press. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064512001373 Trophic relationship of benthic invertebrate fauna from the continental slope of the Sea of Japan]. Deep Sea Research II, doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.08.007


==PALAEOCEANOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS IN THE NW PACIFIC OVER THE LAST 500 kyr==

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Calcareous nannofossil and planktic foraminiferal assemblages from ODP Hole 1210A in the northwestern Pacific Ocean were used to reconstruct surface-water conditions for the past 500 kyr. Stratigraphic control was provided by calcareous nannofossil events that are thought to be synchronous over a broad range of latitudes. Calcareous nannofossil and planktic foraminiferal assemblages and abundance patterns indicate the unlikelihood of long term (Milankovitch-scale) latitudinal shifts of the Kuroshio Extension over the last 500 kyr and illustrate two successive surface water-mass states, one that prevailed prior to 300 ka and one that existed after 300 ka. ......  Surface water was weakly stratified prior to 300 ka, but alternated between intensely stratified and vertically mixed after 300 ka. Changes in the surface water-mass structure suggest an intensification of the East Asian summer and winter monsoon after 300 ka.
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377839812000734 ABSTRACT])

----Chiyonobu, S., Mori, Y., Oda, M., in press. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377839812000734 Reconstruction of paleoceanographic conditions in the northwestern Pacific Ocean over the last 500 kyr based on calcareous nannofossil and planktic foraminiferal assemblages]. Marine Micropaleontology, doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2012.07.002


==RARE EARTH ELEMENT ASSOCIATION WITH FORAMINIFERA==

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Neodymium isotopes are becoming widely used as a palaeoceanographic tool for reconstructing the source and flow direction of water masses. A new method using planktonic foraminifera which have not been chemically cleaned has proven to be a promising means of avoiding contamination of the deep ocean palaeoceanographic signal by detrital material. However, the exact mechanism by which the Nd isotope signal from bottom waters becomes associated with planktonic foraminifera, the spatial distribution of rare earth element (REE) concentrations within the shell, and the possible mobility of REE ions during changing redox conditions, have not been fully investigated. Here we present REE concentration and Nd isotope data from mixed species of planktonic foraminifera taken from plankton tows, sediment traps and a sediment core from the NW Atlantic. ...... This study indicates that there may be sedimentary environments under which the bottom water Nd isotope signature is not preserved by planktonic foraminifera. Tests to validate other core sites must be carried out before downcore records can be used to interpret palaeoceanographic changes.
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703712004000 ABSTRACT])

----Roberts, N.L., Piotrowski, A.M., Elderfield, H., Eglinton, T.I., Lomas, M.W., in press. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703712004000 Rare earth element association with foraminifera]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, doi:10.1016/j.gca.2012.07.009


==ESTUARINE FORAMINIFERA FROM THE GULF OF CAMBAY==

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A low diversity, epifaunal to infaunal Foraminiferal assemblage widely distributed in sand flats, mud flats and marshes along the coastal tracts of the Gulf of Cambay. It is dominated by the species of ''Ammonia, Rotalidium, Murrayinella, Haynesina, Quinqueloculina, Nonionella, Florilus, Elphidium, Trochammina'' and ''Miliammina''. A triserial planktonic foraminifer ''Gallitellia vivans'', an indicator of stressed and upwelling areas, is also characteristically present in the sediments of the estuaries. The paper discusses the systematics and distribution of the Foraminiferal species in the macrotidal estuaries of the Gulf of Cambay.
<font size="2">([http://www.springerlink.com/content/q51245rj17540774/ ABSTRACT])

----Ghosh, A., 2012. [http://www.springerlink.com/content/q51245rj17540774/ Estuarine Foraminifera from the Gulf of Cambay]. Journal of the Geological Society of India 80 (1), 65-74.


==EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY OF EARLY PALEOCENE PLANKTONIC FORAMINIFERA==

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The carbon stable isotope (δ<sup>13</sup>C) composition of the calcitic tests of planktonic foraminifera has an important role as a geochemical tracer of ocean carbon system changes associated with the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) mass extinction event and its aftermath. Questions remain, however, about the extent of δ<sup>13</sup>C isotopic disequilibrium effects and the impact of depth habitat evolution on test calcite δ<sup>13</sup>C among rapidly evolving Paleocene species, and the influence this has on reconstructed surface-to-deep ocean dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) gradients. A synthesis of new and existing multispecies data, on the relationship between δ<sup>13</suP>C and δ<sup>18</sup>O and test size, sheds light on these issues. Results suggest that early Paleocene species quickly radiated into a range of depths habitats in a thermally stratified water column. ......
<font size="2">([http://paleobiol.geoscienceworld.org/content/38/3/374.abstract ABSTRACT])

----Birch, H.S., Coxall, H.K., Pearson, P.N., 2012. [http://paleobiol.geoscienceworld.org/content/38/3/374.abstract Evolutionary ecology of Early Paleocene planktonic foraminifera: size, depth habitat and symbiosis]. Paleobiology 38 (3), 374-390.


==DECREASED RuBisCO EXPRESSION IN ''Baculogypsina sphaerulata'' HOLOBIONT IN RESPONSE TO HEAT SHOCK==

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''Baculogypsina sphaerulata'' (Parker and Jones, 1860) is a common large benthic foraminifer (LBF) and is an important calcifier in coral reef ecosystems. As there are concerns that global increasing temperatures may compromise the survival of this species, which forms a symbiotic relationship with the diatom ''Nitzschia'' sp., we investigated the response of the ''B. sphaerulata'' holobiont from the intertidal algal flats of Xiao Liu Chiu Island, Taiwan to heat shock. ''B. sphaerulata'' specimens were incubated at 26 (ambient), 28, 30, 32, or 34 °C for 5 h designed to simulate short pulses of elevated temperature that occur in situ from subaerial exposure at low tide. To assess the molecular-level response, we measured the expression of the ribulose 1-5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) protein in the diatom symbiont.  ......
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022098112002535 ABSTRACT])

----Doo, S.S., Mayfield, A.B., Byrne, M., Chen, H.-K., Nguyen, H.D., Fan, T.-Y. , 2012. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022098112002535 Reduced expression of the rate-limiting carbon fixation enzyme RuBisCO in the benthic foraminifer ''Baculogypsina sphaerulata'' holobiont in response to heat shock]. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 430-431,63-67.


==GLACIAL SOUTHERN OCEAN FRESHENING AT THE ONSET OF MPT==

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Changes in Southern Ocean hydrography may have played an important role in the Middle Pleistocene Transition (MPT), particularly through their impact on ocean circulation and atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations. Here we present foraminiferal Mg/Ca and δ<sup>18</sup>O results for the subsurface dwelling planktonic foraminifer ''Neogloboquadrina pachyderma'' (sinistral) at the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1090. Results are used to reconstruct upper ocean temperatures and derive seawater δ<sup>18</sup>O in the Subantarctic Atlantic Ocean during the MPT. ......
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X12003007 ABSTRACT])

----Rodríguez-Sanz, L., Mortyn, P.G., Martínez-Garcia, A., Rosell-Melé, A., Hall, I.R., 2012. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X12003007 Glacial Southern Ocean freshening at the onset of the Middle Pleistocene Climate Transition]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 345-348, 194-202.


==THE ROLE OF TAPHONOMIC FEATURES IN THE PALAEOECOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF EOCENE CARBONATES==

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The preservation conditions of larger benthic foraminifera from the Lutetian Foraminiferal Limestones from Lavsa Island, Kornat Archipelago (Adriatic Sea, Croatia) were examined in order to provide a description of the taphonomic signature and a semi-quantitative estimation of test degradation in thin section analysis. ...... This study shows that microtaphofacies analysis can be used to refine the architectural model of the Paleogene Adriatic carbonate platform.
<font size="2">([http://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/njgpa/detail/265/78316/The_role_of_taphonomic_features_in_the_palaeoecolo ABSTRACT])

----Ćosović, V., Drobne, K., Ibrahimpašić, H., 2012. [http://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/njgpa/detail/265/78316/The_role_of_taphonomic_features_in_the_palaeoecolo The role of taphonomic features in the palaeoecological interpretation of Eocene carbonates from the Adriatic carbonate platform (PgAdCP)]. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie 265, 101 - 112.


==SHORT-TERM MONITORING OF HALIFAX HARBOUR POLLUTION REMEDIATION==

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Short-term monitoring of benthonic foraminifera in Halifax Harbour conducted before, during, and after implementation of an enhanced, municipal pollution-abatement program showed that foraminiferal distribution correlated strongly with the amount of pollution flowing into the harbor.  ...... This study once again shows that benthonic foraminifera are accurate, quick, and cost effective proxies to monitor continuous environmental changes in polluted environments.
<font size="2">([http://jfr.geoscienceworld.org/content/42/3/187.abstract ABSTRACT])

----Dabbous, S.A., Scott, D.B., 2012. [http://jfr.geoscienceworld.org/content/42/3/187.abstract SHORT-TERM MONITORING OF HALIFAX HARBOUR (NOVA SCOTIA, CANADA) POLLUTION REMEDIATION USING BENTHONIC FORAMINIFERA AS PROXIES]. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 42 (3), 187-205.


==COMPARISON OF ROSE BENGAL AND CELLTRACKER GREEN STAINING FOR IDENTIFICATION OF LIVE SALT-MARSH FORAMINIFERA==

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...... In this study, the reliability of the stain rose Bengal, which has been widely used for over 50 years, was compared to that of the modern fluorogenic probe CellTracker™ Green in identifying live agglutinated salt-marsh foraminifera from two locations on the South Island, New Zealand. ...... Parametric statistical analysis of replicate data shows that there is no significant difference between the ability of the two techniques to discriminate between live and dead foraminifera.
<font size="2">([http://jfr.geoscienceworld.org/content/42/3/206.abstract ABSTRACT])

----Figueira, B.O., Grenfell, H.R., Hayward, B.W., Alfaro, A.C., 2012. [http://jfr.geoscienceworld.org/content/42/3/206.abstract COMPARISON OF ROSE BENGAL AND CELLTRACKER GREEN STAINING FOR IDENTIFICATION OF LIVE SALT-MARSH FORAMINIFERA]. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 42 (3), 206-215.


==MISSISSIPPIAN BISERIAMMINACEAE AND THEIR EVOLUTIONARY DEVELOPMENT==

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...... Other taxonomic changes in the Biseriamminidae include 1) suppression of ''Dzhamansorina'', ?''Admiranda'', and ?''Ulanbela'' under ''Koktjubina'', 2) emendation of ''Koktjubina'' with descriptions of ''K. windsorensis'' n. comb., ''K''.? ''grata'' n. comb., and ''K''.? ''atlantica'' n. sp., and 3) establishment of a new genus ''Parabiseriella'', composed of ''P. bristolensis'' n. comb. and ''P. moroccoensis'' n. sp. The genera Biseriella and Globivalvulina are the only Mississippian representatives of the Globivalvulinidae that evolved from the Biseriamminidae in the late Visean. Newly described species of those genera include ''B. scotica'', ''B. paramoderata'', and ''G. paraeogranulosa''. <br/>
The proposed phylogenetic lineage for the Mississippian Biseriamminaceae of ''Biseriammina''–?''Koktjubina''/''Parabiseriella''–''Biseriella''–''Globivalvulina'' developed in the Paleotethys followed by migration into the American Realm. Biseriamminidae have limited value as global biostratigraphic markers, unlike the Globivalvulinidae that have much greater potential, particularly from the Serpukhovian onward.
<font size="2">([http://jfr.geoscienceworld.org/content/42/3/216.abstract ABSTRACT])

----Cózar, P., Somerville, I.D., 2012. [http://jfr.geoscienceworld.org/content/42/3/216.abstract MISSISSIPPIAN BISERIAMMINACEAE AND THEIR EVOLUTIONARY DEVELOPMENT]. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 42 (3), 216-233.


==MODELLING THE BIOGEOGRAPHIC RANGE EXPANSION OF ''Amphistegina'' IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA==

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...... To project future species distributions we applied a species-distribution model (SDM) that is based on ecological niche constraints of current distribution ranges. Our model indicates that further warming is likely to cause a northwest-ward range extension and predicts dispersal through the straits of Sicily, Messina, and Otranto into the Tyrrhenian and Adriatic seas. Our results corroborate reports that show a remarkable increase and range expansion of tropical species, indicating a continued meridionalization of the Mediterranean Sea.
<font size="2">([http://jfr.geoscienceworld.org/content/42/3/234.abstract ABSTRACT])

----Langer, M.R., Weinmann, A.E., Lötters, S., Rödder, D., 2012. [http://jfr.geoscienceworld.org/content/42/3/234.abstract “STRANGERS” IN PARADISE: MODELING THE BIOGEOGRAPHIC RANGE EXPANSION OF THE FORAMINIFERA AMPHISTEGINA IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA]. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 42 (3), 234-244.


==PARVALAMELLINAE, A NEW SUBFAMILY FOR TRIASSIC GLOMOSPIROID INVOLUTINIDAE==

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...... In this study, we propose new criteria for identifying involutinins and demonstrate that glomospiroid Involutinidae, previously classified with the planispiral subfamily Aulotortinae, constitute a separate group. Accordingly, the new subfamily Parvalamellinae, the new genus ''Parvalamella'', three new species (''P. ashbaughi'', ''P. nolfi'', and ''P. sigmoidea''), and two new combinations (''P. friedli'' and ''P. praegaschei'') are established. The morphological distinction between the Aulotortinae and the Parvalamellinae not only reveals the important systematic value of the coiling mode and laminar extensions in classification of the Involutinina but also the potential role of luminosity in the development of the suborder.
<font size="2">([http://jfr.geoscienceworld.org/content/42/3/245.abstract ABSTRACT])

----Rigaud, S., Martini, R., Rettori, R., 2012. [http://jfr.geoscienceworld.org/content/42/3/245.abstract PARVALAMELLINAE, A NEW SUBFAMILY FOR TRIASSIC GLOMOSPIROID INVOLUTINIDAE]. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 42 (3), 245-256.


==HOW MIGHT CANYON HEADS AND RIVER PLUMES INFLUENCE NERITIC PLANKTONIC FORAMINIFERA COMMUNITIES?==

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The present study discusses the distribution of living planktonic foraminifera (LPF) in a neritic environment from the SE Bay of Biscay. Four sites, located at the head of Capbreton Canyon and near the Adour River mouth, were sampled during four cruises between June 2006 and July 2008. Each site was sampled with a plankton net (>100 μm) to characterize the LPF communities. The four onshore stations are here compared to three offshore stations located along a bathymetric transect on the Plateau des Landes to document the influence of submarine canyon bathymetry and river input on LPF communities. ......
<font size="2">([http://jfr.geoscienceworld.org/content/42/3/257.abstract ABSTRACT])

----Retailleau, S., Eynaud, F., Mary, Y., Abdallah, V., Schiebel, R., Howa, H., 2012. [http://jfr.geoscienceworld.org/content/42/3/257.abstract CANYON HEADS AND RIVER PLUMES: HOW MIGHT THEY INFLUENCE NERITIC PLANKTONIC FORAMINIFERA COMMUNITIES IN THE SE BAY OF BISCAY?]. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 42 (3), 257-269.


==THE PALAEOCEANOGRAPHIC SIGNIFICANCE OF JURASSIC PLANKTIC FORAMINIFERA FROM POLAND==

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‘Globigerina Ooze’, Foraminiferal Ooze or Carbonate Ooze as it is now known, is a widespread and highly characteristic sediment of the modern ocean system. Comparable sediments are much less common in the geological record although, as we describe here, a number of Middle Jurassic carbonate sediments with distinctive assemblages from Central Europe fulfil many of the criteria. One important component of these assemblages in the Middle Jurassic is'' ‘Globigerina bathoniana’ ''Pazdrowa, 1969, first described from the Bathonian sediments near Ogrodzieniec (Poland). The generic assignment of this species and other coeval Jurassic taxa is discussed. This species and many of the other early planktic foraminifera evolved in the Aragonite ll Ocean, together with the other two oceanic carbonate producers: the calcareous nannofossils and the calcareous dinoflagellates. The preservation of carbonate sediments with abundant planktic foraminifera on the sea floor indicates that, by the mid-Jurassic, the carbonate/aragonite compensation depths (and associated lysoclines) must have developed in the water column.
<font size="2">([http://jm.lyellcollection.org/content/31/2/97.abstract ABSTRACT])

----Hart, M.B., Hudson, W., Smart, C.W., Tyszka, J., 2012. [http://jm.lyellcollection.org/content/31/2/97.abstract A reassessment of'' ‘Globigerina bathoniana’ ''Pazdrowa, 1969 and the palaeoceanographic significance of Jurassic planktic foraminifera from southern Poland]. Journal of Micropalaeontology 31, 97-109.


==DETERMINING CARRYING CAPACITY FROM FORAMINIFERAL TIME-SERIES==

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The carrying capacity ''K'' is the equilibrium population density of a species that an area can support while adequately meeting the needs of every individual. Although widely used in ecology, it has yet to be applied rigorously to living foraminifera. ''K'' is readily determined from time-series of population densities. Given that ''N''<SUB>t+1</SUB> = ''N''<SUB>t</SUB> + ''RN''<SUB>t</SUB>, in which ''N''<SUB>t</SUB> is the population densities at time t, ''N''<SUB>t+1</SUB> is the density at a subsequent time t+1 and ''R'' is the per capita rate of change in population density, then linear regression gives ''R''<SUB>t</SUB> = ''R''<SUB>m</SUB> − ''sN''<SUB>t</SUB>, in which ''R''<SUB>t</SUB> is the per capita rate of increase at time t, the constant ''R''<SUB>m</SUB> is the maximum possible individual rate of increase, and the negative slope s represents the strength of intraspecific interactions. Setting ''R''<SUB>t</SUB> = 0, so that ''N''<SUB>t</SUB> = ''K'' and ''R''<SUB>m</SUB> – ''sK'' = 0, gives ''K'' = ''R<SUB>m</SUB>/s'', which is applicable in aseasonal environments. There are two carrying capacities in seasonal environments, depending on whether the season is favourable (''K''<SUB>max</SUB>) or unfavourable (''K''<SUB>min</SUB>). Values of ''K''<SUB>max</SUB> and ''K''<SUB>min</SUB> are estimated for ''Nonion depressulus'' in the Exe estuary, UK (25 monthly samples), ''Quinqueloculina'' spp. in the Indian River Lagoon, USA (60 monthly samples) and Haynesina germanica in Cowpen Marsh, UK (25 fortnightly samples). The most precise estimate was for ''H. germanica'', but it was unclear if this was due to the high rate of sampling or the large number of replicates used to erect this time-series.
<font size="2">([http://jm.lyellcollection.org/content/31/2/111.abstract ABSTRACT])

----Wilson, B., Horton, B.P., 2012. [http://jm.lyellcollection.org/content/31/2/111.abstract Determining carrying capacity from foraminiferal time-series]. Journal of Micropalaeontology 31, 111-119.


==UNRAVELLING THE LIFE CYCLE OF'' 'Polystomella crispa' '': THE ROLES OF LISTER, JEPPS AND MYERS==

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The meticulous observations of Lister, Jepps and Myers involved the culturing of material, monitoring the behaviour of live individuals over periods of days and weeks and at different times of the year, and decalcifying tests in order to stain and examine the protoplasmic contents with the best available microscopes. They all based their studies at the Laboratory of the Marine Biological Association in Plymouth and Myers and Jepps overlapped in the early 1940s although they chose to work separately. Through their combined efforts they determined that the life cycle of ''Elphidium crispum'' (Linné) (formerly called ''Polystomella crispa'') involves an alternation of generations, sexual and asexual, over a two-year period. This has remained the ‘classic’ life cycle of benthic foraminifera, although subsequent studies, including those of Myers, have revealed other patterns. Lister also established that test dimorphism is not related to sex but to the asexual and sexual phases of reproduction.
<font size="2">([http://jm.lyellcollection.org/content/31/2/121.abstract ABSTRACT])

----Murray, J.W., 2012. [http://jm.lyellcollection.org/content/31/2/121.abstract Unravelling the life cycle of '' ‘Polystomella crispa’ '': the roles of Lister, Jepps and Myers]. Journal of Micropalaeontology 31, 121-129.


==REVIEW OF PSEUDOCUCURBITIDAE (MILIOLINA) FROM THE LATE TRIASSIC REEF ENVIRONMENTS==

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The Late Triassic foraminiferal genera ''Amphorella'', ''Spiriamphorella'', ''Urnulinella'', ''Pseudocucurbita'', ''Paratintinnina'', ''Costifera'' and ''Siculocosta'' are considered junior synonyms of the genus ''Cucurbita''. Consequently, the number of families of the Milioliporacea (Miliolina) is significantly reduced. The valid species of the genus ''Cucurbita'' are considered to be ''Cucurbita infundibuliforme'' Jablonský, 1973, ''C. subsphaerica'' (Borza & Samuel, 1977a) comb. nov., ''C. longicollum'' Senowbari-Daryan, 1983, ''C. battagliensis'' (Senowbari-Daryan, 1983) comb. nov., ''C. cylindrica'' (Senowbari-Daryan, 1983) comb. nov. and ''C. floriformis'' (Altiner et al., 1992) comb. nov..
<font size="2">([http://jm.lyellcollection.org/content/31/2/179.abstract ABSTRACT])

----Gale, L., Rettori, R., Martini, R., 2012. [http://jm.lyellcollection.org/content/31/2/179.abstract Critical review of Pseudocucurbitidae (Miliolina, Foraminiferea) from the Late Triassic reef environments of the Tethyan area]. Journal of Micropalaeontology 31, 179-186.


==CRITERIA TO MONITOR ECOLOGICAL QUALITY STATUS USING BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA==

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This study defines criteria for the use of benthic foraminifera (protists) as a quick and efficient bio-monitoring tool to implement marine legislation. Various sampling and preparation procedures are investigated in an attempt to find the optimal methodology for environmental monitoring using soft-sediment foraminifera with the objective of assessing ecological quality status (EcoQS). Twenty-seven sampling stations in silled basins along the Norwegian Skagerrak coast, NE North Sea, are investigated for environmental parameters and living (stained, including soft-shelled forms) and dead benthic foraminifera. <br/>
'''Highlights'''
► We set criteria to monitor Ecological Quality Status (EcoQS) using benthic foraminifera. ► The exponential bias-corrected Shannon diversity index is used. ► Methodological recommendations applicable in environmental monitoring are tested. ► Foraminiferal diversity correlates with bottom-water dissolved oxygen concentration. ► Benthic foraminiferal diversity can efficiently assess EcoQS in marine waters.
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X12001197 ABSTRACT])

----Bouchet, V.M.P., Alve. E., Rygg, B., Telford, R.J., 2012. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X12001197 Benthic foraminifera provide a promising tool for ecological quality assessment of marine waters]. Ecological Indicators 23, 66-75.


==THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF BAUXITE RED MUD DISPORSAL==

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Benthic foraminiferal assemblages were investigated from two sites along the axis of the Cassidaigne Canyon (NW Mediterranean Sea). Both areas are contaminated by bauxite red mud enriched in iron, titanium, vanadium and chromium. These elemental enrichments are related to bauxite-derived minerals and various amorphous phases. At the shallowest station located very close to the pipe outlet, the benthic living foraminiferal community is characterised by a very low diversity and by an unusual dominance of ''Gyroidina umbonata'' and ''Bulimina marginata''. The mechanical stress related to downslope transport of red mud is a likely source of hydro-sedimentary pollution precluding the settlement of diverse fauna. The living and dead foraminiferal faunas from the deepest site are typical of oligo-mesotrophic conditions prevailing in natural environments. There, bauxite residues have obviously no environmental impact on foraminiferal faunas. The bioavailability of trace metals is likely low as elemental enrichments were not observed in foraminiferal test chemistry.
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X12002779 ABSTRACT])

----Fontanier, C., Fabri, M.-C., Buscail, R., Biscara, L., Koho, K., Reichart, G.J., Cossa, D., Galaup, S., Chabaud, G., Pigot, L., in press. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X12002779 Deep-sea foraminifera from the Cassidaigne Canyon (NW Mediterranean): Assessing the environmental impact of bauxite red mud disposal]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.06.016


==''Miliolipora'' FROM THE RHAETIAN OF KARAVANKE MTS (SLOVENIA)==

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The Carnian-Rhaetian genus ''Miliolipora'' (Soritoidea, Milioliporidae) is characterised by a coarsely perforated porcelaneous wall and a quinqueloculinoid arrangement of semi-tubular chambers. ''Miliolipora tamarae'' nov. sp. has been documented in the Rhaetian Dachstein reef limestone of Mt. Begunjščica (Karavanke Mts., northern Slovenia). This new species differs from ''Miliolipora cuvillieri'' Brönnimann and Zaninetti in its costate outer chambers and evolute coiling. Both species are abundant in an oncoid rudstone/grapestone facies located immediately behind the central reef zone. In this depositional context, ''Miliolipora'' spp. were subjected to mechanical sorting and are believed to have been transported a short distance from their habitat. The costae and the overall less rounded shape of the test helped to stabilize ''M. tamarae'' nov. sp. on the sea floor. Both species were widely spread in the Tethyan realm confirming the broad palaeobiogeographic distribution of the Late Triassic foraminifera.
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0035159812000177 ABSTRACT])

----Gale, L., Rettori, R., Martini, R., Kastelic, A., Praprotnik, J., Jamnik, M., Šmuc, A., Rožič, B., in press. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0035159812000177 ''Miliolipora'' species (Foraminifera, Miliolina) from the Rhaetian Dachstein Limestone of Karavanke Mts (Slovenia): Palaeoecological and palaeobiogeographic implications]. Revue de Micropaléontologie, doi:10.1016/j.revmic.2012.05.001


==M. EOCENE TO E. OLIGOCENE DEVELOPMENT IN THE EASTERN NORTH SEA BASIN==

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The cored 154.5 m deep Kysing-4 borehole in central Jutland is unique for high northern latitudes because it comprises an almost complete Middle Eocene to lowermost Oligocene succession mostly in a highly calcareous facies with abundant well preserved microfossils and from an upper bathyal environment. It has therefore been possible to carry out biostratigraphical analyses of calcareous nannofossils, benthic and planktonic foraminifera as well as dinoflagellate cysts. In order to correlate the section to the geomagnetic polarity time scale a detailed palaeomagnetic analysis has been performed. The magnetobiostratigraphic calibration allowed a well constrained identification of nearly all magnetochrons between Chron C21n and Chron C13n. ......
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018212003896 ABSTRACT])

----Thomsen, E., Abrahamsen, N., Heilmann-Clausen, C., King, C., Nielsen, O.B., in press. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018212003896 Middle Eocene to earliest Oligocene development in the eastern North Sea Basin: Biostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy and palaeoenvironment of the Kysing-4 borehole, Denmark]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.06.034


==NATURE AND TIMING OF EXTINCTIONS IN K-T PLANKTIC FORAMINIFERA IN DECCAN INTERTRAPPEAN SEDIMENTS==

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In C29r below the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary (KTB) massive Deccan Trap eruptions in India covered an area the size of France or Texas and produced the world’s largest and longest lava megaflows 1500 km across India through the Krishna–Godavari (K–G) Basin into the Bay of Bengal. Investigation of ten deep wells from the K–G Basin revealed four lava megaflows separated by sand, silt and shale with the last megaflow ending at or near the KTB. ...... <br/>
'''Highlights'''
► 80% of Deccan Traps erupted in C29R, final eruptions in C29N. ► Earth’s largest and longest lava mega-flows ended at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. ► Biologic response in planktic foraminifera was devastating ending in the mass extinction. ► Global high-stress conditions accompanied major Deccan eruption phases. ► Marine recovery delayed until after last Deccan eruptions in C29N.

<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X12003056 ABSTRACT])

----Keller, G., Adatte, T., Bhowmick, P.K., Upadhyay, H., Dave, A., Reddy, A.N., Jaiprakash, B.C., 2012. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X12003056 Nature and timing of extinctions in Cretaceous-Tertiary planktic foraminifera preserved in Deccan intertrappean sediments of the Krishna–Godavari Basin, India]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 341-344, 211-221


==δ<sup>13</sup>C AND MICROFAUNAL STRATIGRAPHY BOUNDING THE OAE1a IN NE TUNISIA==

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Using an integrated multidisciplinary approach the upper part of the Lower Cretaceous northeastern Tunisian Jebel Ammar sedimentary succession was examined in detail. The method applied included lithologic and microfacies analyses, micropalaeontology, sedimentology, variations in organic matter (OM) content and carbonate carbon stable isotope (δ<sup>13</sup>C) record. A major result was the identification in this sector of Tunisia of the Early Aptian (Bedoulian) OAE1a event in a biostratigraphically well-calibrated context, its location keyed to planktonic foraminiferal zones and isotopic stages. ......

<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195667112001103 ABSTRACT])

----Elkhazri, A., Abdallah, H., Razgallah, S., Moullade, M., Kuhnt, W., in press. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195667112001103 Carbon-isotope and microfaunal stratigraphy bounding the Lower Aptian Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a in northeastern Tunisia]. Cretaceous Research, 10.1016/j.cretres.2012.05.011


==COMPARISON BETWEEN THE URGONIAN PLATFORM FROM E SERBIA AND NE IRAN==

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In the Getic of the Carpatho-Balcanides (eastern Serbia) and the Tirgan Formation of the Kopet-Dagh Basin (northeast Iran), platform carbonates were deposited during the Barremian/Early Aptian in environments in the domain of the northern Alpine Tethys and deformed during the Alpine orogeny. In this study, Urgonian carbonate platform deposits are discussed in detail with regard to depositional facies, microfacies, biostratigraphy, palaeoenvironments and palaeoecology. Detailed sedimentological and palaeontological investigations have been carried out on five sections in eastern Serbia and three sections in northeast Iran supported by an analysis of 392 thin-sections. Petrographic analysis of thin-sections led to the recognition of eight microfacies types grouped into four facies zones. ...... Thirty-two benthic foraminiferal genera were identified from eastern Serbia with an additional 38 genera from northeast Iran dominated by agglutinated forms. ......

<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195667112001164 ABSTRACT])

----Carević, I., Abad, M.T.K., Ljubović-Obradović, D., Vaziri, S.H., Mirković, M., Aryaei, A.A., Stejić, P., Ashouri, A.R., in press. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195667112001164 Comparisons between the Urgonian platform carbonates from eastern Serbia (Carpatho-Balkanides) and northeast Iran (Kopet-Dagh Basin): Depositional facies, microfacies, biostratigraphy, palaeoenvironments and palaeoecology]. Cretaceous Research, doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2012.06.003


==PERMIAN FORAMINIFERA FROM KYUSHU, JAPAN: IMPLICATION FOR FAUNAL EVENTS==

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The middle and late Permian to Triassic sequence of carbonate rocks in the Takachiho area, central Kyushu, Japan, originated as a Panthalassan seamount and formed parts of far-traveled accreted terranes. This succession is divided into the Permian Guadalupian Iwato and Lopingian Mitai formations, and the Triassic Kamura Formation. The Iwato Formation is further into three zones, the ''Neoschwagerina'', ''Yabeina higoensis'', and ''Neoendothyra permica'' zones in ascending order; the Mitai Formation includes the ''Nanlingella suzukii'' Zone. Biotic turnovers are recorded twice in the Iwato and Mitai formations. The first and more remarkable biotic event is the total disappearance of fusulines at the top of the ''Yabeina higoensis'' Zone. The ''Neoendothyra permica'' Zone is characterized by black fine-grained micritic limestones having only sparse non-fusuline foraminifers. The second biotic event is the first appearance of Wuchiapingian fusulines by which the ''Nanlingella suzukii'' Zone is defined. ......
<font size="2">([http://www.psjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1666/11-049R.1 ABSTRACT])

----Kobayashi, F., 2012. [http://www.psjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1666/11-049R.1 Middle and Late Permian Foraminifers from the Chichibu Belt, Takachiho Area, Kyushu, Japan: Implications For Faunal Events]. Journal of Paleontology 86 (4), 669-687.


==DPD MODEL OF CHAMBER FORMATION: SIMULATION OF ACTIN MESHWORK - PLASMA MEMBRANE INTERACTIONS==

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Foraminifera are unicellular organisms which are widespread especially in marine environments. They produce protective shells (called tests) around their cell bodies, and these may be hardened by either secreted CaCO<sub>3</sub> or by the agglutination of sediment grains from the environment. Such mineralized shells readily fossilize, which makes them useful in paleo/environmental and related geological applications. The morphology of foraminiferal chambers emerges from a cascade of complex genetically-controlled processes ultimately controlled through the interactions among morphogenetic components. From studies on the morphogenesis and movements of foraminiferan pseudopodia, we presume that actin meshwork, microtubules, plasma membrane and their various associated proteins all contribute to chamber formation. Here, we apply dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulation techniques to model interactions between the plasma membrane and actin meshwork to test their role in the formation of cell body and test architecture. The present studies mark the first stage of “in silico” experiments aimed at developing an emergent model of foraminiferal chamber formation and shell morphogenesis.
<font size="2">([http://www.springerlink.com/content/w728657772847301/ ABSTRACT])

----Topa, P., Tyszka, J., Bowser, S.S., Travis, J.L., 2012. [http://www.springerlink.com/content/w728657772847301/ DPD Model of Foraminiferal Chamber Formation: Simulation of Actin Meshwork – Plasma Membrane Interactions]. In: Wyrzykowski, R. et al. (Eds.), PPPM 2011, Part II, LNCS 7204, pp. 588-597.


==EVALUATION OF PAST STRATIFICATION CHANGES IN THE NORDIC SEAS==

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Density changes in the upper water column of the northern North Atlantic may enhance or reduce vertical convection of surface water with profound effects on meridional overturning and climate in the wider region. This study tests the capability of paired δ<sup>18</sup>O values of two planktonic foraminiferal species - ''Neogloboquadrina pachyderma'' (s) and ''Turborotalita quinqueloba'' - for the reconstruction of near-surface density stratification in high latitudes or the glacial ocean. Foraminiferal data from two sediment cores of crucial areas of the Nordic Seas were compared with insolation-induced thermal stratification changes as obtained by simulations with the general circulation model ECHO-G. ...... <br/>
'''Highlights'''
► Stable isotopes of planktonic foraminifera with different depth preferences were tested for their capability for the reconstruction of near surface density stratification in high latitudes and the glacial ocean. ► Solar insolation was tested as an isolated factor for ocean stratification. ► Comparison of foraminiferal and modelling data suggests insolation was the chief mechanism to change thermocline strength during most of the Holocene. ► During the last glaciation, the central Nordic seas were covered by a strong halocline as in the modern Arctic Ocean, west of Norway conditions were similar to the modern Greenland Sea.
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377839812000606 ABSTRACT])

----Simstich, J., Lorenz, S.J., Bauch, H.A., in press. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377839812000606 Evaluation of past stratification changes in the Nordic Seas by comparing planktonic foraminiferal δ<sup>18</sup>O with a solar-forced model]. Marine Micropaleontology, doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2012.06.006


==EASTWARD PENETRATION OF ATLANTIC-DERIVED WATER INTO THE EURASIAN BASIN OF THE ARCTIC OCEAN==

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The eastward penetration of Atlantic-derived water (ADW) into the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean was investigated at the western Laptev Sea continental margin for the time since c. 17.6 ka. Using a high-resolution investigation of the lithology, geochemistry, planktic and benthic foraminifers, and ostracods on a sediment core from 270 m water depth major steps in the environmental evolution of the region are recognized. ...... <br/>
'''Highlights'''
► Atlantic-derived waters (ADW) and related environmental changes in the Laptev Sea. ► ADW continuously present at the western Laptev Sea continental margin since 17.6 ka. ► Cold-water environments and strongest influence of northern ADW branch 15.4-13 ka. ► Freshened shelf waters, surface water warming, Barents ADW branch influence 13–7 ka. ► Enhanced ADW inflow and climate cooling after 7 ka.
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377839812000618 ABSTRACT])

----Taldenkova, E., Bauch, H.A., Stepanova, A., Ovsepyan, Y., Pogodina, I., Klyuvitkina, T., Nikolaev, S., in press. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377839812000618 Benthic and planktic community changes at the North Siberian margin in response to Atlantic water mass variability since last deglacial times]. Marine Micropaleontology, doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2012.06.007


==A BOUNDARY EXCHANGE INFLUENCE ON DEGLACIAL Nd ISOTOPE RECORDS==

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The use of neodymium (Nd) isotopes to reconstruct past water mass mixing relies upon the quasi-conservative behaviour of this tracer, whereas recent studies in the modern oceans have suggested that boundary exchange, involving the addition of Nd from ocean margin sediments, may be an important process in the Nd cycle. Here we suggest that the relative importance of water mass advection versus boundary exchange can be assessed where the deep western boundary current in the Indian Ocean flows past the Madagascan continental margin; a potential source of highly unradiogenic Nd. Foraminiferal coatings and bulk sediment reductive leachates are used to reconstruct bottom water Nd isotopic composition (''ε''<sub>Nd</sub>) in 8 Holocene age coretops, with excellent agreement between the two methods. ......
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X12002932 ABSTRACT])

----Wilson, D.J., Piotrowski, A.M., Galy, A., McCave, I.N., 2012. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X12002932 A boundary exchange influence on deglacial neodymium isotope records from the deep western Indian Ocean]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 341-344, 35-47.


==HISTORICAL SIGNATURE OF ROMAN MINING ACTIVITIES IN THE BIDASOA ESTUARY, NORTHERN SPAIN==

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This work presents an integrated micropalaeontological (foraminiferal content), geochemical (Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, and Al, Pb isotope ratios, radiocarbon dating) and archaeological approach to the environmental impact caused by Roman mining in the Bidasoa estuary (northern Spain). ......<br/>
'''Highlights'''
► Sediments from the Roman port of Irun represent a typical infilling sequence. ► Roman mining derived Pb pollution could have exerted potential environmental risk. ► Post Roman high Pb contents due to polluted material rework or unknown mining works.
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440312000878 ABSTRACT])

----Irabien, M.J., Cearreta, A., Urteaga, M., 2012. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440312000878 Historical signature of Roman mining activities in the Bidasoa estuary (Basque Country, northern Spain): an integrated micropalaeontological, geochemical and archaeological approach]. Journal of Archaeological Science 39 (7), 2361-2370.


==THE EVOLUTION OF THE TSUSHIMA CURRENT DURING THE EARLY PLEISTOCENE==

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Marine isotope stage (MIS) 47 experienced relatively high tropical sea surface temperatures and interglacial sea levels during the Pleistocene. The Omma Formation records early Pleistocene palaeoceanographic change in the Sea of Japan and sediments contain an extremely well exposed section of MIS 47 with a fine scale record of Tsushima Current variability. ......<br/>
'''Highlights'''
► Tsushima Current flows into the Sea of Japan during early Pleistocene highstands. ► Indo-Pacific benthic foraminifera were found in Omma Formation sediments. ► New data concurs with previous molluscan and planktic foraminiferal studies. ► MIS 47 shows detailed changes in oceanographic conditions in the Sea of Japan.
<font size="2">([http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818112000987 ABSTRACT])

----Hoiles, P.W., Gallagher, S.J., Kitamura, A., Southwood, J.M., 2012. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818112000987 The evolution of the Tsushima Current during the early Pleistocene in the Sea of Japan: An example from marine isotope stage (MIS) 47]. Global and Planetary Change 92-93, 162-178.


{{Recent Publications on Foraminifera Navigation}}<font size="2">

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